On June 9, 2000, Portugal joined the Multi National Fighter Program (MNFP), marking a significant milestone in its strategy to maintain the operational capabilities of its F-16 fleet.

By aligning with Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway, and the United States - countries already operating F-16 MLU or similar variants, Portugal gained the opportunity to participate in a collaborative program for maintaining capabilities. This involved cost-sharing, experience-sharing, and knowledge-sharing among the participating nations.

Through the MNFP, Portugal was able to conduct modernization and maintenance programs that were operationally relevant. The economies of scale achieved through cost-sharing made projects feasible that would have been prohibitively expensive if undertaken individually. This solidified the F-16 MLU as a 4.5-generation aircraft.

Additionally, the similarities between these aircraft not only facilitated pilot exchanges but also enhanced maintenance and logistical support. Synergies were created through the exchange of experiences, knowledge, materials, and operational support.

The MNFP program has been so successful internationally that it is intended to revitalize the concept, or parts of it, in the F-35 program.